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But rather realizing that the image may have a description that is a lot smaller than its file size suggests; then it becomes a matter of rendering it using world-aware encodings. The resolution may appear higher but it is actually a filtration of the original data. Zigurd 27 days ago root parent prev next [—]. TBF the Beatles look amazing in the Peter Jackson documentary, though the original material was shot on 16mm. There is a world of difference upscaling something digital, and something analog.
We have better scanning techniques today that can extract that information. Upscaling something digital, does require creating information out of thin air, on the other hand. Jerrrry 27 days ago root parent prev next [—]. Bring it up with the appeals court in the event it occurs, unless you run out of money.
Dont run out of money. Well, that and the explanation is missing the details. Conceptually being able to construct something like that from XOR and NOT primitives is stuff from undergrad computer engineering curriculum. Its amazing how they took a buffer overflow and ran with it to create a whole turing complete machine. Its mind boggling how complex these exploits can be, no wonder they sell for millions.
Now - that is a big change. Historically the jump from overflow to RCE was much much shorter. Still the iMessage attack surface is just massive and running in an unsafe language kind of crazy? It sounds like their first step in remediation was to move the GIF copy operation into the BlastDoor sandbox, which is written in Swift.
MayeulC 27 days ago root parent prev next [—]. Not really. I am about to read the article, but it sounds like return-oriented programming[1] chaining "gadgets" that are small bits of existing code that you can re-purpose into executing arbitrary code by manipulating the stack. Extremely common exploitation technique, even if not trivial. Who said an exploit or RCE was trivial to exploit? Edit: I was a bit quick to dismiss.
I think what he means with historically is before ASLR, DEP, and other mitigations, where a buffer overflow meant you can simply overwrite the return pointer at ESP, jump to the stack and run any shellcode. Mitigations have made exploitation much, much more complex nowadays. This escape is technically quite cool frankly in terms of some creativity. That said, my own view is that messages from untrusted contacts should be straight ascii, parsed in a memory safe language with no further features until you interact ie, write back etc.
Safeguards should be applied uniformly to all senders. A trusted sender could have been already exploited. Users want gifs, they want shared locations, they want heart emojies, they want unicode. Some people, I left into my house unsupervised. Some as guests. We need to start modeling this approach online more. I want all of those things. I use them every day.
ROP chains are similar in spirit but typically created by hand and thus not all that long several dozen steps, at most. Creating a 70, step program via a Turing tarpit is very interesting. MayeulC 27 days ago root parent next [—]. Reading the article a bit more, I think they can loop multiple times over the area, by changing w , h and line dynamically over each pass, which would give them some kind of basic computer. That part is still unclear to me, but that would indeed be a lot more impressive.
So they are likely creating a weird machine to patch various data and then redirecting control flow with the altered state by overwriting a function pointer. Was the code compiled for the arch64e architecture in the first place, or it is a bug in the LLVM compiler toolchain? The armv8. Right, and they get there of a decomp pass on totally untrusted input over the network.
My own suggestion. In the US if something serious like this happens the police will physically notify the next of kin of it, not send you a text. The "police" already email and call me about my overdue IRS bill and my imminent arrest. I ignore all that crap. Never interacted, maybe ascii only. Interacted, allow unicode and some other features basic emojies? Full contact? Allow the app integrations, heart sensor, animated images, videos etc.
I wonder how they test the code? Maybe they can write a meta VM using a testable environment e. Suffice it to say, this exploit was not simply chaining gadgets. Right, my bad. ChuckMcM 27 days ago parent prev next [—]. I read through this and my jaw dropped. Pretty amazing detective work and a really amazing exploit. Presumably you could run Doom on it Indeed amazing and also very well written article.
I wonder how much time it took to develop, I assume the whole general programming language from NAND gates is not something they had to come up with from scratch. I was confused about how they got the thing to run for an unbounded amount of time, but I guess they probably have the final operation at the end of a "processor cycle" be to overwrite the next SegRef so that it loops back to the current SegRef.
MarkSweep 27 days ago parent prev next [—]. Stop weird machines! This leaves outfits like NSO with nothing much to attack. Especially those weird features that people forgot about. JBIG2 executes arbitrary binary bitmap operations, but sequentially no looping.
This reminds me of the original story of Mel in which Mel managed to do similar things with assembly. Amazing stuffs and wish I had a chance to work with similar genius. Basically anything that exceeds the regular category is risky and difficult to secure. This is a prime example. Well, when combined with an integer overflow at least. I often feel sad thinking about how many brilliant engineers are dedicating their time to helping governments spy on people or other governments.
And some of them work at NSO ASalazarMX 27 days ago parent prev next [—]. NSO hackers are the digital equivalent of mercenary soldiers. The coefficients would be too big for it to be practical. Dylan 26 days ago root parent prev next [—]. The equality of P and NP would not itself mean there are fast solutions.
Which we have a descriptive word for: unethical. The colorful word would be: disgusting. ASalazarMX 26 days ago root parent next [—]. Were Soviet weapons scientists unethical too? FridayoLeary 27 days ago root parent prev next [—]. Because of the inhuman working conditions. I read that he did that all. Thousands of kilometers away, other scientists toiled on a weapon that makes all the weapons the Nazis developed seem benign.
I think you could also say the same about gambling, porn and other questionable industries. I do know of several founders whose first company was a nasty ad-tech company spyware , and after making their millions, their second company is a much more honorable digital health company. You probably can find examples where such people can keep on creating nasty companies, so it would be interesting to see if there was a research about whether or not people pursue more honorable goals after they get lots of cash.
Responsible disclosure is for the gullible. Why do you think some random hacker is smarter than all the academics we have? I doubt it. Because they were smart enough to go where the money is? That sucks. As a side note I just went to the Cloudera website, because I did not know about the company. After selecting "Reject all" in the cookie dialog, the cookie was literally spinning they have a spinning wheel animation for processing your cookie response! If this is what the best minds of our generation are achieving then help us god!
I feel the opposite. All this stuff and even more hardcore crypto stuff is all relatively simple math. Or even what physicist have achieved with LHC or fusion research. Besides that is not what OP was talking about. That was about hackers finding standard vulnerabilities in code and exploiting it. Not about any mathematical flaws in crypto. Forgive my ignorance, but what would they be - the complete implosion of all forms of known security, or something else?
This is a bit beyond my ken :. Well for one, the safety of encryption rests on certain problems being intractable. In a theoretical sense; there are always implementation bugs that destroy security. And the foundation of a lot of security-related engineering collapses.
It would mean that a large class of problems that have solutions that can be verified quickly can be solved quickly. Which cuts both ways. Dylan 26 days ago root parent next [—]. It is extremely important to the meaning. Remember computational complexity discards the constants on that polynomial.
Among other things, mostly encryption. Most of our current methods depends on P! They depend on guessing being slow. P, just P, can do slow. P can be bigger than the universe even with low values of n. Just like in that movie Sneakers. I feel the same way about all the smart engineers solving problems for Facebook, Twitter, etc Those engineering problems are trivial compared to many real problems.
Physicists are another group that tend to have this conceit -i. I have suspected for awhile now that the bitcoin blockchain is actually an attempt to break SHA Bitcoin is built around incentives, and it has created an incentive for people all over the world to basically brute force this algorithm and maintain a recursive set of low entropy outputs. Which would make the btc blockchain an incredibly expensive and valuable data set, for someone armed with the right mathematical theory.
Part of Security is knowing your adversaries power. I think you might be on the right track. However, Satoshi gave us a very good metric for calculating it. How could you break it without destroying its value? You would be surprised at the skills at the highest level of academia. NmAmDa 27 days ago parent prev next [—]. I am not sure what do you mean with unlimited energy here, is it literal or metaphor but I sense a second law of thermodynamics violation. What if they are working on both?
Previously there was a big Whatsapp exploit FB closed that had them hurting. Hell, maybe its 8 figures these days. I think you get credit for having a bank of actual zero days, self-discovered or not Trying to trivialize the threat they pose only helps NSO Plus, "willing to sell to nations with bad human rights records" should be on that list. Jerrrry 27 days ago parent prev next [—]. This was likely over his ownership of Washington Post and the reporting on the killing of Kashoggi.
Yeah, billionaires and Trillion-dollar company CxOs have to step up their electronic security. Jerrrry 27 days ago root parent next [—]. Bezos willingly gave his personal Watsapp number to a Prince, just to "be in touch", and got hacked as a direct result. Shit is just lulz to me. Those conversations are important for a CEO like Bezos though.
Even the dumb ass Jan 6th coordinators and Meadows used burner phones. The researcher that leaves the military takes with them general skills in reverse engineering and exploit development, but they cannot use specific 0days they know about from their military service. The specifics of everything done in the military is classified. Like, if someone developed this Turing complete architecture on top of jbig2 decompression while they were in the military, it would be considered a secret that cannot be revealed.
Closi 27 days ago root parent next [—]. Remember we are talking about getting exploits for nation states here rather than just some regular company - hiring spies is part of standard operations for the intelligence community and would be a valid zero-day acquisition strategy depending on the protection offered for NSO by Israel. Does the evidence really even move the goal post or mitigate the convenient scapegoating? The resources required to develop these exploits and mitigate against them , were at least an order of magnitude above the next tier, because there was very little sharing and reuse except among allies.
Call it a SpaceX for hacking as opposed to space launches. Blaming entire nations gives domestic justification for retaliation. All security is only how many zeros of money is it built to protect agaist. They create an emulated computer by decompressing an old image format inside a PDF file which has a. That is top notch! The people that are supposed to maintain the element of the OS that has been abused most by nation states do not know the internal APIs they are working with, even just to display looping GIFs.
This negligence is killing journalists and activists. How do we know this code was written in ? The codebase might be massive but the team should be sizeable enough to handle it. It really does seem like a failure of blast door. Parsing any untrusted data should always be sandboxed. The image library also runs sandboxed, and they found a way to "escape it with ease. They just trade less safe APIs, for ones deemed more so. You will have as much holes in the sandbox, as much APIs you add to it.
That function name really is amazingly misleading about what it will do. Anyone could have made that mistake. You can send and receive GIFs in iMessage chats and they show up in the chat window. I am even suspicious and skeptical that Signal supports embedding animated images.
I can name exploits of this type on desktop PC operating systems going back probably years I do realize that lack of rich media inline in messages is a non starter for most non-technical consumer end users. Signal drastically recompresses any image sent. The only end to end encrypted software I know of that allows that is iMessage.
How could Signal recompress images while retaining end-to-end encryption? Like you could recompress and after decrypting the result is smaller, but that only happens after decrypting. Besides, its also totally impractical. Tools usually target some good-enough quality level, and then the file size depends on remaining entropy in the image.
The limit would need to be conservatively high. Adversaries in this case are quite skilled, and may be able to codegolf it if necessary. Gitee Go. Gitee Pages. Web IDE. Great SCT is an open source project to generate application white list bypasses. This tool is intended for BOTH red and blue team.
Bypass software restrictions. It can be run remotely or locally. NET v2 assembly from memory. This tool is intended to help both red team and blue team. Break some of its protections and solve some of its challenges. Automatic deobfuscation using symbolic execution, taint analysis and LLVM. Content is in a JSON file and can easily be used in other projects. Suggestions are welcomed. Learn Ethical Hacking and penetration testing.
Break some of its protections and solve some of its challenges. Automatic deobfuscation using symbolic execution, taint analysis and LLVM. Content is in a JSON file and can easily be used in other projects. Suggestions are welcomed. Learn Ethical Hacking and penetration testing. If you have a good idea, please share it with others. Most of them are android based due to the popularity of the platform. Come and join us, we need you!
Sorry about that. A tool for static analysis to look for bugs in Java code. Nothing advanced. More to come. Thanks for wooyun! For disassembly ropper uses the awesome Capstone Framework. Main article: Transmutation Lab. Every player who participated in a successful rally will receive a Dark Essence. It can be transmuted in the Transmutation Lab, and after the countdown is up, the player will receive a random reward, detailed on the Transmutation Lab page.
When searching for a specific Essence Level, the Darknest Might can be used as a guide. If the Darknest is Anti-Scout, the essence level is 1 higher than normal. The table below provides the Essence Level for some Level 5 Darknests.
Press Expand to view. Main article: Lords Cup. During the Lords Cup event, Darknests can be used to earn points. When the player kicks a Lords Ball and it hits a Darknest or a tile next to it, the Darknest will instantly disappear cancelling any rally on it , and a new one will respawn close by.
When the ball lands, points are given for the tile it lands on, plus the eight tiles around it. So if a player kicks the ball in the middle of two Darknests, they will get points for both. When tapping on a Darknest, the Might number will sometimes be shown as 0.
If the player waits a few seconds, and taps on the nest again, the actual Might will be displayed. Lords Mobile Wiki Explore. Gym Monsterhold Mystic Spire Spring. Code 66 Phantom Pains. Explore Wikis Community Central. Edit source History Talk 0. Darknests differ from ordinary Castles in a few aspects: Scouting and rallying a Darknest will not deactivate shields , or initiate Battle Fury.
The same applies for joining a Darknest rally.
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